In addition to remote scanning, Nessus can be usedto scan for local exposures. For information about configuring credentialed checks, see Credentialed Checks on Windows and Credentialed Checks on Linux.
Vulnerability scan finished. As expected, OpenVAS found a number of severe vulnerabilities. Interpreting the Scan Results. Once the vulnerability scan has finished, you can browse to Scans → Reports in the top menu. Looking at the reports page, you will find the report for the completed scanning task: Vulnerability scanning report. As soon as the login prompt “Welcome to Greenbone OS” appears, log in with the previously created administration account. You now enter the setup wizard which guides you through the final steps: Web-User: Creation of an administration account for the web interface. There, you can later create more account as needed.
Purpose
External network vulnerability scanning is useful to obtain a snapshot in time of the network services offered and the vulnerabilities they may contain. However, it is only an external perspective. It is important to determine what local services are running and to identify security exposures from local attacks or configuration settings that could expose the system to external attacks that may not be detected from an external scan.
In a typical network vulnerability assessment, a remote scan is performed against the external points of presence and an on-site scan is performed from within the network. Neither of these scans can determine local exposures on the target system. Some of the information gained relies on the banner information displayed, which may be inconclusive or incorrect. By using secured credentials, the Nessus scanner can be granted local access to scan the target system without requiring an agent. This can facilitate scanning of a very large network to determine local exposures or compliance violations.
The most common security problem in an organization is that security patches are not applied in a timely manner. A Nessus credentialed scan can quickly determine which systems are out of date on patch installation. This is especially important when a new vulnerability is made public and executive management wants a quick answer regarding the impact to the organization.
Another major concern for organizations is to determine compliance with site policy, industry standards (such as the Center for Internet Security (CIS) benchmarks) or legislation (such as Sarbanes-Oxley, Gramm-Leach-Bliley or HIPAA). Organizations that accept credit card information must demonstrate compliance with the Payment Card Industry (PCI) standards. There have been quite a few well-publicized cases where the credit card information for millions of customers was breached. This represents a significant financial loss to the banks responsible for covering the payments and heavy fines or loss of credit card acceptance capabilities by the breached merchant or processor.
Access Level
Credentialed scans can perform any operation that a local user can perform. The level of scanning is dependent on the privileges granted to the user account that Nessus is configured to use.
Non-privileged users with local access on Linux systems can determine basic security issues, such as patch levels or entries in the /etc/passwd file. For more comprehensive information, such as system configuration data or file permissions across the entire system, an account with “root” privileges is required.
Credentialed scans on Windows systems require that an administrator level account be used. Several bulletins and software updates by Microsoft have made reading the registry to determine software patch level unreliable without administrator privileges. Administrative access is required to perform direct reading of the file system. This allows Nessus to attach to a computer and perform direct file analysis to determine the true patch level of the systems being evaluated. On Windows XP Pro, this file access will only work with a local administrator account if the “Network access: Sharing and security model for local accounts” policy is changed to “Classic – local users authenticate as themselves”.
Detecting When Credentials Fail
If you are using Nessus to perform credentialed audits of Linux or Windows systems, analyzing the results to determine if you had the correct passwords and SSH keys can be difficult. You can detect if your credentials are not working using plugin 21745.
This plugin detects if either SSH or Windows credentials did not allow the scan to log into the remote host. When a login is successful, this plugin does not produce a result.
OS X may be considered Apple's desktop OS magnum opus, but it certainly hasn't been without its share of vulnerabilities (1,250 to date per the CVE database). The following are the top 11 OS X vulnerabilities and exploitation prevention tips.
Table of contents
![Scan Scan](/uploads/1/2/6/5/126583908/173504452.jpg)
1. Dock Vulnerability
The Dock in Apple OS X versions before 10.10 improperly manages the screen-lock state. This could allow attackers in physical proximity to access an unattended workstation. Newer versions of OS X do not have this flaw, so upgrading to a newer version effectively remediates the vulnerability.
2. Mail Vulnerability
Versions of Mail before 10.10 do not properly recognize the removal of a recipient address from a message. This could allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by reading a message intended exclusively for other recipients.
3. Security-Keychain Vulnerability
The Security-Keychain component in versions of OS X before 10.9.4 does not properly implement keystroke observers. This could allow physically proximate attackers to bypass the screen-lock protection mechanism and enter characters into an arbitrary window under the lock window via keyboard input. Updating to version 10.11 or higher effectively remediates this vulnerability.
How To Configure Account For Os X Vulnerability Scan Windows 7
4. LaunchServices Vulnerability
LaunchServices in OS X before 10.10.3 could allow local attackers to cause a denial-of-service (Finder crash) via specially crafted localization data.
5. App Store Vulnerability
The App Store process in CommerceKit Framework in OS X before 10.10.2 places Apple ID credentials in App Store logs, which could allow local users to obtain sensitive information by simply reading the log files.
6. PDF Password Vulnerability
How To Configure Account For Os X Vulnerability Scandal
The UserAccountUpdater in OS X 10.10 before 10.10.2 stores a PDF document's password in a printing preference file, allowing local users to obtain sensitive information by reading said file
![Configure Configure](/uploads/1/2/6/5/126583908/566727741.jpg)
7. User Documentation Vulnerability
The User Documentation component in OS X through 10.6.8 uses HTTP sessions for updates to App Store help information. This could allow a man-in-the-middle attacker to execute arbitrary code by spoofing the HTTP server.
8. Empty Trash Vulnerability
The Secure Empty Trash feature in Finder in OS X before 10.11 improperly deletes Trash files. This allows local users to obtain sensitive data by reading storage media (e.g., flash drive).
9. Mail/Kerberos Authentication Vulnerability
Mail in OS X before 10.9 (with Kerberos authentication enabled and TLS disabled) sends invalid cleartext data, which could allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by simply sniffing network traffic.
10. HFS Volume Mounting Vulnerability
The kernel in OS X before 10.10.5 does not properly mount HFS volumes, which could allow local users to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) via a crafted volume.
11. Error Logging Vulnerability
New error logging features in OS X 10.10 that include unsafe additions to the dynamic linker could allow local attackers to gain unfettered root privileges.
12. Remediation
Upgrading your OS X-based nodes to the latest version can effectively remediate these vulnerabilities. However, in some cases it may not be possible (or feasible) to perform such updates en masse—these scenarios may require patches to be downloaded and applied in a specific manner. Regardless of how you plan on applying these critical OS X updates, UpGuard's OVAL-backed vulnerability scanner can automatically identify which nodes are at-risk on an ongoing basis.